A Multiscale and Multimethod Approach to Assess and Mitigate Concrete Damage Due to Alkali–Silica Reaction

Alkali–silica reaction (ASR) is a chemical within concrete which can lead over time to cracking and spalling. Due the complexity of problem, it still causes damage constructions worldwide. The study aims illustrate interdisciplinary research German Federal Institute for Materials Research Testing (BAM) last 20 years, considering all aspects ASR topics from macro- micro-level. First, methods characterization assessment risks products used at BAM are explained classified in international context. Subsequently, added value approach by combining different, preferably nondestructive, across scales using specific examples variety projects. Aspects covered range development new test setups assess aggregate reactivity, analysis microstructure microscopical, spectroscopical, X-ray methods, testing methodology existing pavements including in-depth visual indicator deicing salt input innovative techniques. Finally, regarding novel avoidance strategy that makes use internal hydrophobization mix presented.